Герундий
Герундий это существительное образованное из глагола путем добавления -ing.
Вы можете использовать герундий
как подлежащее:.
Getting a good job is not easy.
Learning about other cultures makes people more tolerant.
Smoking is a bad habit.
как завершающее дополнение:.
Her favorite hobby is reading.
The most terrible thing for me was seeing you cry.
My favorite hobby is travelling to other countries.
как дополнение:.
He tried to avoid answering my question.
Have you ever considered going to live in a foreign country?
Would you mind closing the door?
Отрицательная форма делается при помощи добавления not.
When I'm on holiday, I enjoy not having to go to work.
I prefer not going out this evening.
Герундий можно еще использовать с притяжательными местоимениями, такими как
his, her, its, your, their, our, someone's, something's, и т.д.
I enjoyed their playing.
Sally resented Tom's coming late to her birthday party.
We discussed the machine's being broken.
С некоторыми глаголами вы можете использовать конструкцию
глагол + существительное + герундий:
I can't imagine George riding a motorbike.
You can't stop me doing what I want.
Sorry to keep you waiting so long.
После go мы употребляем герундий для некоторых видов деятельности:
go swimming, go sailing, go fishing, go climbing, go skiing, go jogging, go shopping, go sightseeing.
We can't go climbing around in here.
When did you last go shopping?
После некоторых глоголов может следовать только герундий, не инфинитив:
| admit | He admitted cheating on the test. |
| anticipate | I anticipated arriving late. |
| appreciate | I appreciated her helping me. |
| avoid | He avoided talking to her. |
| can't help | He can't help talking so loudly. |
| can't see | I can't see paying so much money for a car. |
| complete | He completed renovating the house. |
| consider | She considered moving to New York. |
| defend | The lawyer defended her making such statements. |
| delay | He delayed doing his taxes. |
| deny | He denied committing the crime. |
| despise | She despises waking up early. |
| discuss | We discussed working at the company. |
| dislike | She dislikes working after 5 PM. |
| don't mind | I do not mind taking part in the game. |
| enjoy | We enjoy hiking. |
| imagine | He imagines working there one day. |
| involve | The job involves training others on best practices. |
| keep | She kept interrupting me. |
| mention | He mentioned going to that college. |
| mind | Do you mind waiting here twenty minutes. |
| miss | She misses living near the beach. |
| postpone | He postponed returning to Paris. |
| practice | She practiced singing the song. |
| quit | Let her quit shouting. |
| recall | I recalled swimming in a sea with her. |
| recollect | She recollected living in Kenya. |
| recommend | Tony recommended taking the train. |
| report | He reported her stealing the money. |
| resent | Nick resented Debbie's being there. |
| resist | He resisted asking for help. |
| risk | He risked being caught. |
| suggest | They suggested staying at the hotel. |
| tolerate | I tolerated her talking. |
| understand | I understand his quitting. |
После некоторых глаголов может следовать либо герундий, либо существительное с инфинитивом:
| advise | I advised seeing a doctor. | I advised them to see a doctor. |
| allow | Ireland doesn't allow smoking in bars. | Ireland doesn't allow people to smoke in bars. |
| encourage | He encourages eating healthy foods. | He encourages his patients to eat healthy foods. |
| permit | Norway doesn't permit fishing without a fishing license. | Norway doesn't permit people to fish without a fishing license. |
| require | The certificate requires completing two courses. | The certificate requires students to complete two courses. |
| urge | They urge recycling bottles and paper. | They urge citizens to recycle bottles and paper. |
После некоторых глаголов может идти инфинитив или существительное с инфинитивом.